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In the Hindu calendar, both Adhik Maas and Kharmas are periods of great importance, but they are often misunderstood or conflated. While they share a common connection to cosmic cycles, they hold distinct meanings and are associated with different spiritual practices. To navigate these times effectively and maximize their benefits, it’s important to understand the difference between Adhik Maas and Kharmas.
In this blog, we will delve into the significance of both these periods, explaining what they mean, how they differ, and how you can observe them to gain spiritual rewards.
Adhik Maas, also known as Purushottam Maas or Malmas, occurs in the Hindu lunar calendar approximately once every three years. This extra month is added to adjust the discrepancy between the lunar and solar cycles. In simpler terms, a lunar year is slightly shorter than a solar year, and to balance this difference, an additional month is introduced. This is called Adhik Maas.
The month is dedicated to Lord Vishnu, and it is seen as an ideal time for heightened devotion, reflection, and self-improvement. In Hindu tradition, Adhik Maas is considered a spiritually powerful period. Devotees believe that any acts of worship, fasting, and charity performed during this time bring immense spiritual benefits. The month is regarded as highly auspicious, and people often observe fasts, perform rituals, and donate to charity during this period.
Key Features of Adhik Maas:
On the other hand, Kharmas is a specific period that occurs when the Sun transits through Sagittarius (Dhanu) or Pisces (Meen) zodiac signs. This period is marked by a slowdown in the Sun’s movement, and as per Hindu astrology, this is considered an inauspicious time for holding shubh (auspicious) activities such as weddings, housewarmings, or other major ceremonies.
The belief behind Kharmas is that when the Sun is in Sagittarius or Pisces, it moves at a slower pace, which is thought to hinder the positive energies needed for starting new ventures or conducting joyous celebrations. As a result, Hindus avoid performing rituals related to marriage, childbirth, or any mangalik events. Instead, this time is seen as a period for spiritual reflection, self-purification, and charity.
Key Features of Kharmas:
While both Adhik Maas and Kharmas are important in Hindu spirituality, there are significant differences between the two:
Both Adhik Maas and Kharmas offer opportunities for spiritual enrichment and charitable acts, but how you observe them can differ. Here are some practices to keep in mind:
Both Adhik Maas and Kharmas emphasize the importance of charity. Donations made during these periods are believed to purify the soul and attract divine blessings. Specifically, during Kharmas, it is considered that any charitable act performed during this time will bring positive karma and alleviate the inauspicious effects of the period.
For example, donating to Narayan Seva Sansthan can help provide essential resources to underprivileged children and the differently-abled. These acts not only create positive energy for you but also uplift others in need. By contributing during these sacred periods, you are participating in a tradition that has been upheld for centuries, bringing blessings to both yourself and those you help.
In conclusion, Adhik Maas and Kharmas are two distinct yet spiritually significant periods in the Hindu calendar. While Adhik Maas offers an opportunity for spiritual growth, fasting, and devotional practices, Kharmas serves as a time for reflection and charity, while avoiding joyous celebrations. Understanding their differences allows you to make the most of these sacred times by focusing on self-improvement, reflection, and acts of charity. Whether it’s observing fasts, performing rituals, or making donations, these periods offer a chance to align yourself with the divine and experience blessings that will carry you through the year.
Q: What is Adhik Maas?
A: Adhik Maas is an extra month added to the Hindu lunar calendar to align it with the solar year, dedicated to spiritual growth and devotion to Lord Vishnu.
Q: What is Kharmas?
A: Kharmas is a period when the Sun transits through Sagittarius or Pisces, considered inauspicious for conducting celebratory rituals and events.
Q: When does Adhik Maas occur?
A: Adhik Maas occurs approximately once every three years, as determined by the lunar-solar calendar discrepancy.
Q: When does Kharmas occur?
A: Kharmas occurs when the Sun enters Sagittarius or Pisces, typically around the end of the year.
Q: What is the significance of Adhik Maas?
A: It is a time for fasting, prayer, reflection, and charity, bringing spiritual rewards to devotees.
Bhadrapada Purnima, celebrated on the Shukla Paksha of Bhadrapada month, is dedicated to the worship of Lord Vishnu and Goddess Lakshmi. Keeping a fast on this day and donating to the poor and needy people brings peace of mind, destruction of sins and happiness and prosperity.
इस भवसागर से मुक्त हो चुके पूर्वजों की आत्मा की शांति के लिए श्राद्ध पक्ष में जो विधिपूर्वक श्रद्धायुक्त होकर तर्पण, दान आदि किया जाता है उसे श्राद्ध कहा जाता है। इसे महालय और पितृ पक्ष के नाम से भी जाना जाता है।
In the year 2025, Shradh Paksha is starting from Sun, 7 Sept, 2025, which will end on Sun, 21 Sept, 2025. During this period, all the followers of Sanatan Dharma can perform Mahalaya for their ancestors according to the date.
